O uso dos análogos de Glp-1 no tratamento da obesidade: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease with high global prevalence, associated with metabolic and cardiovascular complications and increased mortality. Given its increasing incidence, it is urgent to investigate safe and effective therapeutic approaches for body weight control. In this scenario, glucagon-like peptide type 1 (GLP-1) analogues have been gaining prominence as a pharmacological alternative in the management of obesity, as they act in the regulation of appetite, gastric emptying and glycemic metabolism. This study aims to critically analyze the scientific literature on the effects of GLP-1 analogues in the treatment of obesity, including efficacy, safety and clinical applicability. This is an integrative review of the literature carried out in the PubMed, SciELO and Virtual Health Library databases, using controlled MeSH descriptors and Boolean operators. Articles published from 2018 to 2025 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish were included. The reviewed studies consistently demonstrate that these drugs promote clinically relevant weight loss, both in individuals with isolated obesity and in those with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes. This work is expected to contribute to the scientific foundation of medical practice in obesity therapy, providing updated support for clinical practice and future investigations.