A rota crítica da violência sexual e as práticas de cuidado sob o enfoque das perspectivas feministas

Abstract

The expression “Critical Route” is a term described by Montserrat Sagot (2000) and refers to the path taken by women to break/leave the situation of violence in which they find themselves. In the life trajectories of women marked by violence, factors are associated both as drivers and inhibitors for the continuation or rupture of the situation of violence. However, throughout this debate, very little progress has been made in understanding the phenomenon of sexual violence and intervention possibilities based on markers of race, gender and class, even with the advancement of knowledge production guided by the debate of feminist authors and social movements of gender and race. The work had the general objective: To understand the Critical Route of sexual violence, from an intersectional perspective, as an analyzer of institutional processes and care practices, recognizing the elements that make up the network of the device of sexual violence against black women. The research presents itself as a proposal for intervention research, whose methodological proposal is based on Institutional Analysis (IA). It was carried out in the city of Parnaiba-PI with 05 people belonging to the Network to Combat Sexual Violence. Thematic workshops were held as an instrument and field diaries were used. After that, 04 thematic blocks emerged, being: a) “The network of elements of the device of sexual violence against black bodies”; b) “The Critical Route: obstacles, challenges, resistance and the intersectional aspect”, c) “New paths of intersectional care”, which address the elements of this device; the institutional processes, and the intersectional aspect, with the aim of qualifying the care actions in the Critical Route of sexual violence against black women and d) “Writing about oneself, about all of us, about time”, which delves into the writing process for black women. Thus, as results, the study presented the recognition of the elements of the device of sexual violence, identifying the structures that perpetuate inequalities and silencing, highlighting the markers of race, gender and class as central to the experience of black women. We observed that the fragmentation of the intersectoral network compromises care practices, revealing the persistence of individual practices that resist institutional issues. Likewise, we observed that the social markers of these women continue to be neglected, compromising the ability to provide care considering the multiple inequalities they face. Based on our reflections, we developed elements for intersectional practices that consider the realities and experiences of black women, promoting more sensitive care for women who are affected by multiple forms of violence.