Endividamento das famílias brasileiras no período de 2013 A 2023: uma análise socioeconômica

Abstract

This paper analyzes the main factors that contributed to the indebtedness of Brazilian families between 2013 and 2023. The research adopts a quantitative and qualitative approach, based on secondary data from official sources such as Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Central Bank of Brazil, General Register of Employed and Unemployed Persons, Consumer Debt and Default Survey and Serasa. The analysis focuses on three axes: the effects of economic crises (2015-2016 recession and Covid-19 pandemic), credit expansion and socioeconomic inequalities that affect different groups of the population. The results indicate unemployment as the main factor associated with increased debt. Credit cards stand out as the main form of debt, being widely used to cover basic expenses, such as food. Women, low-income individuals and those with less education were the groups most impacted. The research also highlights the importance of financial education as an essential tool for preventing debt. The lack of adequate guidance, both at school and at home, compromises families' ability to manage their resources. It is concluded that the indebtedness of Brazilian families reflects the impacts of economic crises and reinforces the need for coordinated actions, such as the promotion of financial education, strengthening income, the generation of formal employment and more responsible regulation of credit.