Análise da Distribuição de Jovens de 18 a 24 Anos Desocupados no Brasil no Período de 2015 a 2019

Abstract

Unemployment is an important and affecting phenomenon, due to its impact on a country's economy and society. The unemployment is understood by the condition in relation to the workforce, that is, by the non-activity in paid activities, by the availability or those who stopped performing any work activity. Note that young people between 18 and 24 years old occupy the highest unemployment rates in the country. Therefore, the problem of this research is: What factors contribute to the facts of young people aged 18 to 24 years old with difficulties to find an activity in the Brazilian labor market? The general objective is to understand which factors are contributing to the high rate of unemployment among young people aged 18 to 24 years in Brazil. Its specific objectives are: 1) to verify the distribution of unemployment among young people between 18 and 24 years old in the period 2015-2019 for Brazil and regions; and 2) describe the economic, social, cultural and political factors that contributed to many unemployed youth. Therefore, use the National Household Survey (PNAD) of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), to survey the distribution of unemployment among young people aged 18 to 24 years, with no period from 2015 to 2019 in Brazil and the regions. Also use a bibliographic survey to understand the factors that contribute to unemployment in the age group surveyed. In view of the above, there was a reduction in the distribution of unemployment in all Brazilian regions, with emphasis on the South region, which has the lowest percentage (28.0%), even below the percentage of the country of 31.9%. The North region, when compared to the other states, had in the first years the highest unemployment rates in the country and in recent years, or was reflected in all parents. The Northeast, Southeast and Midwest have maintained an average over the years and have been decreasing. Several factors were used to contribute to the distribution of unemployment among young people, such as lack of qualifications, situations of poverty, sex, factors that are marked as economic, social, cultural and political factors.