Pressão econômica e prática parental: influência do conflito conjugal, da positividade e do otimismo

Abstract

Silva, M. V. S. (2019). Economic pressure and parental practice: influence of marital conflict, positivity and optimism. (Masters dissertation). Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil. Abstract This dissertation aims to know the effect of marital conflict, positivity and optimism of parents in the practice of parenting. Divided into 3 studies, the first two were systematic review with meta-analysis and the third one was a correlational study, ex post facto. 240 people participated in the research, being 53.3% male and 46.7% female, with a mean age of 36.4 (Min 18, Max 62). Participants answered the following instruments: Economic Pressure Scale; Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21); Positivity scale; The Life Orientation Revised Test; O'Leary-Porter Scale - OPS and the Demographic Membership Questionnaire. This project was submitted and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Piauí. IBM SPSS (version 25) softwares for data analysis and IBM AMOS version 21 were used for analysis. Thus, the results show that economic pressure is related to the psychological symptoms of parents. In general, those who experienced greater economic difficulties, consequently, they had higher levels of psychological symptoms, as well as marital conflicts were more frequent in the presence of children. As optimism and positivity were negatively correlated with economic pressure. Still, positivity proved to be a mediating variable in the relationship between economic pressure and marital conflict. Metaanalytic studies have shown that economic pressure has a negative effect on marital conflict and negative parenting, such as optimism and positivity in positive parenting towards families facing financial problems stemming from periods of economic crisis. Therefore, findings on individual characteristics propose that subjects who adopt a positive orientation seem to cope better with stressors such as economic pressure, marital conflict, and parenting challenges. Keywords: Economic