Efeito anti-inflamatorio da fração polissacarídica sulfatada extraída da alga marinha vermelha, gracilaria caudata durante a colite experimental induzida por ácido acético

Abstract

INTRODUCTION - Seaweed is considered a source of bioactive molecules. Among these molecules are sulphated polysaccharides, widely used in the pharmaceutical industry and widely studied for their specific biochemical properties. The polysaccharide of the algae Glaciaria Caudata has some proven pharmacological effects, among which its anti-inflammatory action is highlighted. OBJECTIVE - To evaluate the antiinflammatory action of the sulphated polysaccharide of Glaciaria Caudata on the deleterious effects of acetic acid induced colitis in mice.MATERIALS AND METHODS - The polysaccharide used in this study was characterized by Barros et. Al. (2013), using techniques of elemental microanalysis, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). For the pharmacological studies Swiss camogongs weighing between 25-30 g were used, being divided into groups of 5-7 animals. Initially, colitis was induced in the animals using 6% acetic acid after 16 hours of fasting. After induction of colitis the animals were treated with

PLS at the doses of (1, 3, 10 mg / kg, i.p.) and the dose with the best anti- inflammatory response set to be used in the subsequent experiments. Treatments

with sulfated polysaccharide or dexamethasone (2 mg / kg, s.c.) were done 17 hours and 30 minutes after induction of colitis. The animals were euthanized after 18 h of induction of colitis, their abdominal cavities were opened and a 5 cm portion of the colon was removed from each animal, then the macroscopic parameters, wet weight and microscopic parameters of the lesion were evaluated. The tissue was then divided and stored in samples to perform the following tests: myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin 1 beta, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde acid (MDA). Parametric data were analyzed by the Newman-Keuls test and for the analysis of microscopic scores the Kruskal-Wallis test was used followed by the Dunn test. RESULTS - Based on the results, it was verified that the animals treated with this polysaccharide at the dose of 10 mg / kg demonstrated a satisfactory reduction of the intestinal lesion, as well as a decrease of the wet weight when compared to the AA group.PLS (10mg / kg, ip) G. caudata showed ability to reduce tissue damage such as loss of mucosal architecture 1 (1-1), cell infiltration 1 (1-1), thickening of the muscular layer 1 (1-1) and promoted a significant decrease for the crypt abscess 0 (0-0) and depletion of goblet cells 0 (0-0). The polysaccharide studied showed a significant reduction of the biochemical tests evaluated, such as leukocyte migration markers (myeloperoxidase), proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1) and in vivo oxidative stress markers (malonyldialdehyde acid and glutathione). CONCLUSION - Glaciary caudata seaweed polysaccharide presented anti-inflammatory action and reduced oxidative stress during AA-induced colitis in mice, which may represent a promising therapeutic alternative for patients with ulcerative colitis.