A imagética motora em função do movimento: imaginar o ato motor frente um tratamento de FNP

Abstract

Motor Imagery consists of the ability to generate cognitive processes of perception and action in the absence of movement, a concept that is well studied in the field of rehabilitation and motor performance. Many studies reinforce the activation of cortical areas responsible for working memory, planning and motor execution, but there are still many gaps in the effectiveness of this concept against a motor act. Thus, this work aimed to understand the cortical behavior and spectral activity of the beta band during the execution of tasks related or not to the motor act. Twenty healthy men aged 20 ± 1.5 years old, right-handed men according to the Oldfield questionnaire, 22 ± 4 visual imagery capacity and 20 ± 4.5 kinesthetic imagery according to the Revised Movement Imagery Questionnaire, participated in an experimental study with a design Cross-over where the participant could start with a cognitive treatment protocol (motor imagery) related to the Motor Act or with the movement itself, a diagonal Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF). The results showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0001) between the Motor Imaging and FNP treatments in the electroencephalographic derivations of the Left and Right Dorsolateral Pre Frontal Cortex (F3 and F4) and a statistically significant difference between the moments before and after treatment to the state of fatigue and vigor of the participant. Higher recruitment was observed in the Motor Imagery treatment in Dorsolateral Pre-Frontal Cortex than it was observed in the Motor Act (FNP) treatment. Thus, a motor imagery is a complementary strategy for training and treatment, since it has a potential for the induction of neuroplasticity in an area of sensorimotor integration allowing improvement of cognition and motor control as well as motor performance.