Otimização da convergência proximal binocular e oscilações na assimetria e coerência do eletroencefalograma

Abstract

Convergence insufficiency (CI) is the limitation to keep the convergence appropriate in the direction to a target near. It can negatively influence the quality of life, besides interfere, for example, in the learning process. Studies that analyze the cortical activity of individuals with this condition are few known in the literature. In this context, investigated the electroneurophysiological effects in young university students with CI through stimulation of

proximal convergence (SPC) binocular with the support of a centimeter ruler. A cross- sectional controlled study was realized out with 20 participants with CI, right-handed and

aged between 18 and 24 years. The near point of convergence (NPC) was analyzed before and after the end of the experiment. Furthermore, it was analyzed the asymmetry and coherence of the electroencephalogram alpha and beta bands in the electrode pairs Fp1/Fp2, F3/F4, F7/F8, C3/C4, T3/T4, P3/P4, T5/T6, and O1/O2. The results revealed a decrease of 6.36 cm in the NPC value (p= 0.001), and for the asymmetry of the alpha and beta bands predominance in the left hemispheric was observed. The coherence of the alpha band revealed that there was a decrease of the cortical coupling at the beginning of the experiment and at the end, the coupling increased (p <0.05). For the beta band, there was lower T5 / T6 coupling (p <0.025). The study signals that the binocular SPC is an effective strategy in the treatment of CI and that binocular convergence movement generated predominance of the left cerebral hemisphere, besides changes in cortical coupling, especially in frontal and occipital areas of the cortex.