O impacto do trabalho rotativo e noturno no contexto do câncer de mama e de próstata: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

The circadian rhyme is an endogenous system, regulated by molecular mechanisms and altered by exogenous conditions, that regulates our daily rhythmicity and controls metabolic functions in the human body. Research has shown that dysfunctions in circadian rhythm, such as during rotational or shift work, may favor the accumulation of genetic changes associated with carcinogenesis. In the context of the worldwide cancer epidemic, breast and prostate cancer represent a steady state among public health problems worldwide. Thus, the present review aims to verify in the literature the relationship between cancer and night and rotational work. For this, a research was conducted using the databases PUB MED, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS and LILACS, where were found 649 studies in the last 5 years related to the theme. After undergoing some exclusion processes, there were only 23 studies that met the search criteria. In the present study, cohort studies, case control studies, cross-sectional studies, and experimental studies were analyzed; 15 of these studies were breast cancer, 6 prostate cancer, and 2 both cancers. Nurses were highlighted as the main research audience. According to the results of this review, it has been suggested that night work with circadian rhythm disruption may affect and decrease melatonin synthesis, which is a matter of concern as low melatonin levels were closely related to both breast and breast cancer. prostate, and was also classified with important antitumor function. Other possible factors related to night work and breast cancer are telomere shortening and risky habits during the night. Given the possible risks attributed to these two types of cancer, it is believed that chronotherapy and melatonin supplementation would be important measures in the prevention process.