COVID-19 Rumination Scale (C-19RS) e a COVID-19 Perceived Risk Scale (CPRS): adaptação e validação para o contexto brasileiro

Abstract

Considering the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, the unawareness of its long-term effects and the identification of a gap in the national literature on the topics discussed here, this study aimed to adapt the COVID-19 Rumination Scale (C-19RS) and the COVID-19 Perceived Risk Scale (CPRS) measures, seeking to ascertain evidence of validity (construct and convergent) and accuracy of the measures. To achieve the main objective, two studies were conducted. Study 1 aimed at verifying evidence of validity and accuracy of the C-19RS and CPRS measures. A total of 233 people participated, with ages ranging from 18 to 74 years (M=26.88; SD= 9.88). For the C-19-RS the results of the exploratory factor analysis indicated the extraction of a single factor, composed of 6 items and an equally favourable internal consistency (α = 0.85 and ω= 0.86). The CPRS maintained the bifactor structure of the original study and adequate internal consistency indices (Cognitive Dimension: α = 0.74 and ω= 0.75; Emotional Dimension: α = 0.87 and ω= 0.86). Study 2 aimed to investigate more robust evidence of the factor structure of the C-19RS and CPRS measures in the Brazilian context, with the intent of proving their dimensionality and gathering complementary validity evidence. Participants in this stage were 203 with ages ranging from 18 to 74 years (M=26.98; SD=10.51). For the C-19RS the results indicated a good fit for the tested model, confirming the single-factor structure (CFI= 0.987; TLI= 0.978; RMSEA= 0.032; internal consistency: ω=0.851 and α = 0.84) with factor loadings ranging from 0.652 to 0.847. Regarding CPRS, the hypothesized measurement model confirmed the bifactor structure (CFI= 0.994; TLI= 0.991 and RMSEA= 0.076) with factor loadings ranging from 0.486 to 0.916 in the Cognitive Dimension factor and from 0.731 to 0.853 in the Emotional Dimension factor. It is considered that the proposed objectives were achieved and it is hoped that the results will allow researchers and other professionals to rely on reliable and simple-to-use instruments that can help in the evaluation and investigation of the constructs in question and serving as a basis for future interventions and production of knowledge about the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.