Mudanças climáticas e seus efeitos na saúde dermatológica: uma revisão sobre eritema solar

Abstract

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exerts beneficial effects on health, including the induction of vitamin D synthesis and the promotion of overall well-being. However, excessive exposure is strongly associated with the development of dermatological conditions, including sunburn, photoaging, and skin cancer. Climate change intensifies these risks by altering atmospheric dynamics, compromising the integrity of the ozone layer, and modifying the geographical distribution of solar radiation, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations. In this context, the present study aimed to analyze the influence of climate change on UVR incidence and its effects on dermatological health, with an emphasis on sunburn as a clinical marker of excessive exposure. This is an integrative literature review conducted using the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases, employing the descriptors “climate change” AND “skin diseases” AND “dermatology” OR “sunburn.” Full review articles published between 2015 and 2025 in Portuguese and English were included. The findings indicate that the intensification of UVB radiation, associated with climate change, contributes to an increased incidence of dermatological conditions, with a greater impact on vulnerable populations due to socioeconomic inequalities and limited access to healthcare services. In conclusion, the adoption of prevention and health promotion strategies, including educational actions and expanded access to photoprotection, is essential to mitigate dermatological impacts in the context of climate change.